{"id":26903,"date":"2022-08-07T19:45:38","date_gmt":"2022-08-07T19:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/evaggelatos.com\/?p=26903"},"modified":"2022-08-07T19:46:50","modified_gmt":"2022-08-07T19:46:50","slug":"%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf-dna-%cf%8c%cf%84%ce%b1%ce%bd-%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%ae%cf%87%ce%b8%ce%b7-%ce%b1%cf%80%cf%8c-%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%bd-%ce%bc%ce%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/evaggelatos.com\/?p=26903","title":{"rendered":"\u039a\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf DNA \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03be \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1,, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 RNA, \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7.."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1975 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <span lang=\"EN-US\">RNA <\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span lang=\"EN-US\">DNA <\/span>\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf <span lang=\"EN-US\">DNA <\/span>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03be \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf 1976 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d<span lang=\"EN-US\">obel <\/span>\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00a0 David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Howard Martin Temin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"> \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd <span lang=\"EN-US\">Nobel Prize<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u00ab\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 1975 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Howard Martin Temin &#8220;\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u00ab\u0394\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03bf \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 1975<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf 1975 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco <\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<span lang=\"EN-US\"> Howard Temin<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 &#8220;\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5&#8221;.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26904\" src=\"https:\/\/evaggelatos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/bioweapons-300x234.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"714\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/evaggelatos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/bioweapons-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/evaggelatos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/bioweapons.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 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\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1950 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1, \u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd -\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong>&#8211; \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 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\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03be\u03cd (DNA), \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03be\u03cd (RNA), \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u039f Howard Temin \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1950 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae RNA. 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\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd RNA \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf Temin \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 <strong>\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd RNA \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 DNA \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf DNA \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf DNA \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b9\u03cc \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf DNA \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf RNA \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f Temin \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1970, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf Temin \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf David Baltimore \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b6\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 RNA, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf DNA \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc RNA. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 <strong>\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 (reverse transcriptase).<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u039f Baltimore \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd RNA \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc RNA. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf Baltimore \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Temin \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 RNA \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 DNA. \u0397 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 RNA \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 DNA \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 <strong>\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf DNA \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5) \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 RNA.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1970 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u00b5\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u00b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u00b5\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u00b5\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u00b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 RNA-\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7. \u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9<strong> \u03b9\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae.<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u0395\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 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